The treatment of the edentulous jaw can be a mixture of placing implants in healed and fresh extraction sockets. Unequal hard and soft tissue levels around the implants (Fig. 1&2), especially in the interforaminal region, can be adjusted by leveling the bone...

Traditional endosseous oral implant treatment protocols ad modum Brånemark required a variable healing period (usually 3-6 months) before prosthesis placement. The healing period was considered necessary to achieve osseointegration and establish a load-bearing interface...

The aims of peri-implant soft tissue management in the edentulous mandible are the eventual reconstruction of attached gingiva or immobilizing the soft tissue at the implant-soft tissue interface. Vestibuloplasty means deepening of the...

This is the reversible inflammatory process in the soft tissues around functioning implants. Peri-implant mucositis occurs in almost 60% of subjects (± 30% of sites), restored with implants. Diagnosis is stated by clinical examination: redness, ...

At the beginning of the recall control it is necessary to define the intention of a radiograhical control and if it is needed. Radiological controls are only justified in the presence of certain symptoms, anamnesis and/or clinical examination...

The open tray technique for making a definitive impression is one of two choices (the other being a closed tray impression) in the fabrication of a fixed complete denture. The open tray technique is specifically indicated, when the implants are not...

At this appointment, the prosthesis framework is evaluated for accuracy of fit, appropriate contour to faciltate oral hygiene access and the necessary balance of structural morphology for rigidity/strength and sufficient space to...

After treatment of edentulous patients, there is no need to schedule specific recalls for soft tissue control. Traditional post-operative controls at day 1 - 3, day 7 - 14 and week 4 - 6 after surgery involve soft tissue control and...

Placement of a provisional prosthesis takes place by attaching the conversion denture (either patient's exisiting prosthesis or a new conversion denture) to the implants or to implant abutments. The provisional prosthesis can be...

The trial placement appointment is a significant one for successful edentulous patient care. It will be the first time that dentist and patient can see what has been created in the laboratory; and a decision will then be one...

One goal in the treatment of the fully edentulous patient is to re-establish the maxillo-mandibular relation in the transversal and sagittal dimensions comprising adequate facial height. The occlusal contact situation be...

It is important to evaluate whether the implants are parallel to each other. If the implants are fairly parallel to each other (Fig 1) a closed tray impression technique can be employed. Since the implants are parallel to each other, the polymerized...

In vitro research studies have compared splinted versus unsplinted impression techniques and have, in general, shown that the splinted impression technique yields more accurate master casts when compared to a reference...

The goals of an impression are to accurately capture tissue contours necessary and relevant for fabrication of a prosthesis that adapts well to mucosa or a prosthesis that fits well and passively on implants...

A fixed implant prosthesis is completely anchored and supported by dental implants. There are different terms used to describe a fixed implant prosthesis, such as fixed complete denture, fixed detachable prosthesis, the hybrid prosthesis, or the...