Less than 4-6 mm of vertical residual bone height in the posterior segment of the maxilla is an indication for a sinus augmentation procedure [Esposito]. The external access to the maxillary sinus is carried out at a lateral buccal alveolar...
The majority of commercially available implants are variations of Brånemark’s original design of a screw which he coined as 'fixtures'. This has been the starting point for numerous current market variations that incorporate convergent themes of implant material...
In the edentulous upper jaw implant insertion can be limited due to the adjacent anatomical structures (nasal floor, maxillary sinus). Less than 5-6 mm in height and 6 mm in width requires augmentation before implant placement....