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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Skeletal consequences of edentulism

Teeth loss in the maxilla initiates residual ridge/alveolar resorption, especially in the anterior region, which is flared labially. The consequences of this resorption is a gradual medial or palatal shift of the crest of the maxilla. This...

Patient assessment
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Treatment guidelines

Single tooth

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Dentogingival complex and biologic width

The peri-implant mucosa consists of an externally located keratinized oral epithelium, which is connected to the peri-implant junctional epithelium facing the abutment. The latter extends approximately 2 mm apical to the...

Soft tissue management
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Treatment guidelines

Single tooth

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Anterior and posterior location considerations

Missing single teeth imply a variety of bone sites for implant placement. Incisor regions are frequently impeded by inadequate mesio-distal and/or bucco-lingual bone dimensions, whereas second bicuspid/molar regions are generally affected by inadequate...

Radiology
Patient assessment
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Treatment guidelines

Single tooth

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Patient communication requirements

The process of informed consent requires a thorough communication between healthcare professional and patient. The communication should minimally comprise...

Patient assessment
Preoperative procedures
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Treatment guidelines

Single tooth

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Alternative treatment options

There are several treatment options for a single missing tooth; the most common are an implant-supported crown, a 3-unit fixed partial denture supported by two natural teeth, a fixed resin-bonded fixed partial denture, a removable partial denture...

Patient assessment
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Treatment guidelines

Single tooth

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Benefits and limitations of single implant treatment

The application of implants for single-tooth replacements has evolved into a viable surgical and prosthodontic treatment option with reporting of excellent implant survival rates and satisfied patients. Psychological benefits of restoring the dental...

Diagnosis and treatment planning
Patient assessment
icon-treatment_guides_article

Treatment guidelines

Single tooth

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General patient history

It is helpful if a clinician is situated so that his/her eyes are at the level of the patient's eyes. For example, if the patient is seated, the clinician should also be seated. It is beneficial if the interview between clinician and...

Systemic factors
Patient assessment
Preoperative procedures
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Overarching considerations

The primary goal is a proper oral function. This implies not only chewing but also speaking, smiling. Patients’ adaptability varies enormously. Some are satisfied with removable dentures, others object to the esthetics of...

Local factors
Patient assessment
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Cement-retained restorations, overview

Cement-retained restorations are a traditional design to attach a restoration (crown, bridge) to an implant-retained abutment, similar to cementing a crown or bridge restoration on a natural tooth. With the traditional, relatively...

CAD/CAM
Prosthetic materials
Implant prosthetics
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Primary splinting

Implant supported overdentures are an evidence-based treatment option for edentulous patients leading to a significantly increased quality of life.
There are various retention elements available which connect the implants directly...

CAD/CAM
Prosthetic materials
Implant prosthetics
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Secondary splinting

Implant overdentures are an excellent treatment option for edentulous patients and lead to significant improvement of quality of life. There are various options for their retention mechanism...

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Prosthetic materials
Implant prosthetics
Removable prosthetics
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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All-on-4® treatment concept

Patients wearing complete dentures often suffer from esthetic and functional discomfort and compromised denture retention and chewing function. Denture adhesives are often applied. Many patients perceive this...

Edentulous treatments
Implants in compromised sites
Immediate loading / provisionalization
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Digital treatment planning protocols, introduction

Spiral or Cone Beam CT (CBCT) data sets of the patient jaw bones and of the scan template are transcoded by a specific software to produce three-dimensional (3-D) images of the jaw bones and thickness of the mucosa. Software planning... 

Radiology
CAD/CAM
Diagnosis and treatment planning
icon-treatment_guides_article

Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Number of implants maxilla and mandible

The tradition to insert 6 implants, and eventually more, in an arch-wide pattern dates back to the early days of osseointegration when implants with a machined surface were used and risk for early...

Implant prosthetics
Biomechanics and occlusion
Success & failure
icon-treatment_guides_article

Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Direct to implant vs. abutment

Advantages of abutment-supported prostheses are 1) When implants are not parallel to each other, the use of angulated abutments can "correct" for the non-parallelism 2) Angulated abutments are available for a screw-retained prosthesis and 3) Custom abutments can be...

Prosthetic strategies
Prosthetic materials
Implant prosthetics