A commonly used option for fixed restorations is a metal or zirconia framework with ceramic or acrylic veneering. The amount of alveolar bone resorption determines whether teeth or teeth and soft tissue must be replaced...

The primary goal is a proper oral function. This implies not only chewing but also speaking, smiling. Patients’ adaptability varies enormously. Some are satisfied with removable dentures, others object to the esthetics of...

Patients wearing complete dentures often suffer from esthetic and functional discomfort and compromised denture retention and chewing function. Denture adhesives are often applied. Many patients perceive this...

Traditional endosseous oral implant treatment protocols ad modum Brånemark required a variable healing period (usually 3-6 months) before prosthesis placement. The healing period was considered necessary to achieve osseointegration and establish a load-bearing interface...

Surgery using a drill guide fabricated on the basis of CT scan images transformed by a planning software offers several clinical advantages...

This is the reversible inflammatory process in the soft tissues around functioning implants. Peri-implant mucositis occurs in almost 60% of subjects (± 30% of sites), restored with implants. Diagnosis is stated by clinical examination: redness, ...

Whenever possible, provisional restorations should be fabricated to simulate the desired definitive prosthesis in form, albeit with different and less durable materials. The lessened durability and functional capacity of a provisional restoration...

Impression making in implant overdenture therapy simultaneously records healthy available denture-bearing tissue surfaces and implants’ positions in edentulous arches. The objective is a shared retention and...

The patient with a terminal dentition and who faces total teeth extractions can choose from a number of treatment options from immediate complete denture to one of the implant supported protocols.
Immediate dentures are chosen by patients who are unwilling...

Impression taking for a complete denture records available denture-bearing tissue surfaces. An ideal force distribution pattern based upon the load bearing capacity of supporting tissues is desirable while avoiding dislodging by the oro-facial...

Conceptually, a provisional prosthesis for an edentulous patient is a convenient tool that offers the patient a satisfactory level of function and esthetic appearance while definitive treatment is undertaken...

Treatment planning for the edentulous patient requires a diagnostic tooth arrangement which provides valuable information for pre-surgical planning (surgical guide fabrication), facilitates discussion regarding...

Physiological salivary output is 0.75 to 1.5 liters per day, with most originating from the submandibular glands. Saliva is a lubricant and has a complex set of protective and healing functions for the oral cavity. It adheres instantly to...

Saliva plays a significant role in the preservation and maintenance of oral health and function. It supports digestion by preparing food for mastication and swallowing, contributes to taste perception, facilitates speech communication and provides oral tissues...

Relevant risk factors for implant treatment:

• Children and adolescents (during ongoing bone/skeletal development), unless in selected anodontia patients. However, implant placement for orthodontic treatment purposes is indicated.
• Uncontrolled metabolic diseases such as Diabetes Mellit...