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Treatment guidelines

Single tooth

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General patient history

It is helpful if a clinician is situated so that his/her eyes are at the level of the patient's eyes. For example, if the patient is seated, the clinician should also be seated. It is beneficial if the interview between clinician and...

Systemic factors
Patient assessment
Preoperative procedures
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Alveolar atrophy and insufficiency

Teeth extractions are followed by a reduction of the bucco-lingual as well as the vertical dimension of the residual alveolar ridge. The ensuing resorption is progressive and even the basal jaw may become involved. In the lower jaw, the....

Radiology
Systemic factors
Patient assessment
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Post-placement

At this appointment, a careful evaluation of the patient's oral hygiene and soft tissue response is performed and adjustments made as needed. A daily home-care program must be customized to the individual's ability to clean the...

Aftercare / follow up
Fixed prosthetics
Oral hygiene instructions
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Oral hygiene instructions

All tissue surfaces, prosthesis surfaces and implant surfaces should be accessible by oral hygiene aids like toothbrushes, interdental brushes and dental floss or dental tape. It is paramount that, during treatment planning...

Aftercare / follow up
Fixed prosthetics
Oral hygiene instructions
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Professional oral hygiene

The regular recall control appointment, at least every 6 months, should comprise a hygiene check by the dental/oral hygienist or other auxiliary, and include professional cleaning of the restoration, prosthetic components, sulcus and any...

Aftercare / follow up
Fixed prosthetics
Oral hygiene instructions
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Temporo-mandibular disorders (TMD)

Routine evaluation of a patient’s temporo-mandibular joint function is an integral part of any oral examination.
Moreover, good muscular control and painless coordination of jaw movements are desirable in the management of edentulism...

Temporomandibular Joint
Patient assessment
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Mouth opening

Most patients’ mouth opening readily permits access for routine prosthodontic and surgical treatment interventions. Limited mouth opening or microstomia is encountered in patients exposed to sclerodermia, diffuse systemic...

Temporomandibular Joint
Systemic factors
Patient assessment
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Risk factors

Relevant risk factors for implant treatment:

  • Children and adolescents (during ongoing bone/skeletal development), unless in selected anodontia patients. However, implant placement for orthodontic treatment purposes is indicated.
  • Uncontrolled metabolic diseases such as Diabetes Mellit...
Local factors
Systemic factors
Patient assessment
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Parafunction

Parafunctional activities can apply high forces to both implant and prosthetic components. These forces can lead to fracture or loosening of screws and abutments, chipping of the veneering material or fracture of the prosthetic reconstruction...

Temporomandibular Joint
Implant designs
Biomechanics and occlusion
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Recreational drugs and alcohol abuse

It is important to evaluate signs indicating if the patient abuses alcohol or takes recreational drugs and may have developed addictions. In general these drugs have a psychedelic,...

Systemic factors
Patient assessment
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Drug abuse

The medical history should reveal if the patient takes any prescribed medication and especially whether in the correct dosage. Fear of oral surgery may induce a temporary overconsumption of drugs such as beta-blockers or...

Systemic factors
Patient assessment
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Smoking

Smoking and nicotine consumption have a constrictive effect on blood vessels thereby reducing blood supply. It increases the susceptibility to periodontal inflammatory diseases, dry extraction sockets and wound healing...

Peri-implantitis
Systemic factors
Patient assessment
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Age

Edentulism as a consequence of (sub)total agenesis of deciduous and/or permanent teeth in children and adolescents is extremely rare. It is commonly a component of a generalized underlying condition such as ectodermal dysplasia. There are...

Fixed prosthetics
Removable prosthetics
Local factors
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Risk assessment & special high risk categories, overview

A thorough risk assessment forms the cornerstone of successful patient treatment. Four key sources of information permit the clinician to identify pertinent risks and to determine the seriousness of each risk...

Local factors
Systemic factors
Patient assessment
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Local history

The key questions in a complete anamnesis are related to: mouth opening, salivary output, presence of mucosal diseases, gingival health, signs of previous periodontal surgeries, tooth hypermobility, TMJ problems, orthodontic...

Temporomandibular Joint
Local factors
Systemic factors