Conventional dentures are a common treatment option, but, when bone is missing, they may not meet functional, psychological and social needs of the individual. Classical surgical approaches include different...
Spiral or Cone Beam CT (CBCT) data sets of the patient jaw bones and of the scan template are transcoded by a specific software to produce three-dimensional (3-D) images of the jaw bones and thickness of the mucosa. Software planning...
Hand-made templates are duplicates obtained from the denture/tooth arrangement with access holes or titanium tubes. These are located in the correct positions and axes of the planned prosthetic teeth according to the CBCT a...
Advantages of abutment-supported prostheses are 1) When implants are not parallel to each other, the use of angulated abutments can "correct" for the non-parallelism 2) Angulated abutments are available for a screw-retained prosthesis and 3) Custom abutments can be...
Accurate implant planning is the first step to achieve an optimum prosthetic result. Well-fitting, well-designed dentures can directly be used for planning and pre-surgical analysis or a new tooth arrangement and mock-up have to be considered...
The aims of peri-implant soft tissue management in the edentulous mandible are the eventual reconstruction of attached gingiva or immobilizing the soft tissue at the implant-soft tissue interface. Vestibuloplasty means deepening of the...
Teeth extractions are followed by a reduction of the bucco-lingual as well as the vertical dimension of the residual alveolar ridge. The ensuing resorption is progressive and even the basal jaw may become involved. In the lower jaw, the....
This is the reversible inflammatory process in the soft tissues around functioning implants. Peri-implant mucositis occurs in almost 60% of subjects (± 30% of sites), restored with implants. Diagnosis is stated by clinical examination: redness, ...
At the beginning of the recall control it is necessary to define the intention of a radiograhical control and if it is needed. Radiological controls are only justified in the presence of certain symptoms, anamnesis and/or clinical examination...
Flapless implant surgery is a minimally invasive procedure that can be performed either using guided surgery or custom fabricated surgical guides made of casts taken at the first patient visit. Several clinical papers reported excellent short- and long...
Conceptually, a provisional prosthesis for an edentulous patient is a convenient tool that offers the patient a satisfactory level of function and esthetic appearance while definitive treatment is undertaken...
The primary goal of creating a preliminary teeth arrangement for a try-in diagnostic evaluation is the opportunity to visualize those specific morphological features that impact functional and esthetic considerations for each treated patient...
Tomography represents 2-D images of a slice through an object. Computerized tomography (CT) can produce virtual slices and conventional CTs take slice by slice and the machine stops and moves in between slices. Spiral/helical CTs are continuous scans in a...
Radiation source collimated at its source and then diverges into a fan shape to reach detectors. This results in a cone beam.
Pixel (picture + element) is the smallest single component of a 2-D image, whereas a voxel is the smallest element...