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Treatment guidelines

Single tooth

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General patient history

It is helpful if a clinician is situated so that his/her eyes are at the level of the patient's eyes. For example, if the patient is seated, the clinician should also be seated. It is beneficial if the interview between clinician and...

Systemic factors
Patient assessment
Preoperative procedures
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Comprehensive treatment concepts, Zygomatic implants

Conventional dentures are a common treatment option, but, when bone is missing, they may not meet functional, psychological and social needs of the individual. Classical surgical approaches include different...

Radiology
Edentulous treatments
Implants in compromised sites
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Framework materials

A commonly used option for fixed restorations is a metal or zirconia framework with ceramic or acrylic veneering. The amount of alveolar bone resorption determines whether teeth or teeth and soft tissue must be replaced...

Digital workflow
CAD/CAM
Prosthetic materials
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Abutment materials

Implant-based prostheses can be cement-retained, screw-retained or a combination of both (Fig 1). By definition, an abutment is a component that is intermediate between the implant and the restoration and it is usually screw...

CAD/CAM
Prosthetic strategies
Prosthetic materials
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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All-on-4® treatment concept

Patients wearing complete dentures often suffer from esthetic and functional discomfort and compromised denture retention and chewing function. Denture adhesives are often applied. Many patients perceive this...

Edentulous treatments
Implants in compromised sites
Immediate loading / provisionalization
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Zygomatic implants

Indications

Zygomatic implants have been documented as a an alternative for the rehabilitation of the atrophic posterior maxilla with both the classical two stage and immediate loading protocols. Zygomatic implants avoid grafting and sinus lift procedures and therefore contribut

Posterior implants
Implants in compromised sites
Success & failure
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Direct to implant vs. abutment

Advantages of abutment-supported prostheses are 1) When implants are not parallel to each other, the use of angulated abutments can "correct" for the non-parallelism 2) Angulated abutments are available for a screw-retained prosthesis and 3) Custom abutments can be...

Prosthetic strategies
Prosthetic materials
Implant prosthetics
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Guided surgery with drill guides

Surgery using a drill guide fabricated on the basis of CT scan images transformed by a planning software offers several clinical advantages...

Radiology
Digital workflow
Guided Surgery
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Alveolar atrophy and insufficiency

Teeth extractions are followed by a reduction of the bucco-lingual as well as the vertical dimension of the residual alveolar ridge. The ensuing resorption is progressive and even the basal jaw may become involved. In the lower jaw, the....

Radiology
Systemic factors
Patient assessment
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Implant overdenture impressions

Impression making in implant overdenture therapy simultaneously records healthy available denture-bearing tissue surfaces and implants’ positions in edentulous arches. The objective is a shared retention and...

Digital workflow
Implant prosthetics
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Complete denture impressions

Impression taking for a complete denture records available denture-bearing tissue surfaces. An ideal force distribution pattern based upon the load bearing capacity of supporting tissues is desirable while avoiding dislodging by the oro-facial...

Digital workflow
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Placement of implants - Angulation

The primary goal of angulated implant placement concepts is the implant-based prosthodontic rehabilitation of the edentulous maxilla and mandible and avoiding grafting procedures and thereby offering a more simple and less invasive treatment...

Edentulous treatments
Implants in compromised sites
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Wax-up, arrangement, mock-up

Treatment planning for the edentulous patient requires a diagnostic tooth arrangement which provides valuable information for pre-surgical planning (surgical guide fabrication), facilitates discussion regarding...

Digital workflow
CAD/CAM
Diagnosis and treatment planning
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Mouth opening

Most patients’ mouth opening readily permits access for routine prosthodontic and surgical treatment interventions. Limited mouth opening or microstomia is encountered in patients exposed to sclerodermia, diffuse systemic...

Temporomandibular Joint
Systemic factors
Patient assessment
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Treatment guidelines

Edentulous

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Risk factors

Relevant risk factors for implant treatment:

  • Children and adolescents (during ongoing bone/skeletal development), unless in selected anodontia patients. However, implant placement for orthodontic treatment purposes is indicated.
  • Uncontrolled metabolic diseases such as Diabetes Mellit...
Local factors
Systemic factors
Patient assessment