0 Patient Assessment
- 0.1 Patient demand
- 0.2 Overarching considerations
- 0.3 Local history
- 0.4 Anatomical location
- 0.5 General patient history
- 0.6 Risk assessment & special high risk categories
  - 5.1 Risk assessment & special high risk categories
  - 5.2 age
  - 5.3 Compliance
  - 5.4 Smoking
  - 5.5 Drug abuse
  - 5.6 Recreational drugs and alcohol abuse
  - 5.7 Parafunctions
  - 5.8 Diabetes
  - 5.9 Osteoporosis
  - 5.10 Coagulation disorders and anticoagulant therapy
  - 5.11 Steroids
  - 5.12 Bisphosphonates
  - 5.13 BRONJ / ARONJ
  - 5.14 Radiotherapy
  - 5.15 Risk factors
1 Diagnostics
- 1.1 Clinical Assessment
  - 0.1 Lip line
  - 0.2 Mouth opening
  - 0.3 Vertical dimension
  - 0.4 Maxillo-mandibular relationship
  - 0.5 TMD
  - 0.6 Existing prosthesis
  - 0.7 Muco-gingival junction
  - 0.8 Hyposalivation and Xerostomia
- 1.2 Clinical findings
  - 1.1 Occlusion
  - 1.2 Alveolar atrophy and insufficiency
  - 1.3 Skeletal consequences of edentulism
  - 1.4 Head-neck cancer
- 1.3 Clinical diagnostic assessments
  - 2.1 Microbiology
  - 2.2 Salivary output
- 1.4 Diagnostic imaging
  - 3.1 Imaging overview
  - 3.2 Intraoral radiographs
  - 3.3 Panoramic
  - 3.4 CBCT
  - 3.5 CT
- 1.5 Diagnostic prosthodontic guides
  - 4.1 Prosthodontic guides overview
  - 4.2 Wax-up, arrangement, mock-up
  - 4.3 Splints and imaging for surgery
  - 4.4 Provisionals
2 Treatment Options
- 2.1 Mucosally-supported
  - 0.1 Mucosally supported - Overview and important considerations
  - 0.2 Complete denture
  - 0.3 Immediate denture
  - 0.4 Occlusal schemes
- 2.2 Implant-retained/supported, general
  - 1.1 Prosthodontic options overview
  - 1.2 Number of implants maxilla and mandible
  - 1.3 Time to function
  - 1.4 Submerged or non-submerged
  - 1.5 Soft tissue management
  - 1.6 Hard tissue management, mandible
  - 1.7 Hard tissue management, maxilla
  - 1.8 Need for grafting
  - 1.9 Healed vs fresh extraction socket
  - 1.10 Digital treatment planning protocols
    
    9.1 Digital treatment planning protocols, introduction
    
    9.2 Digital treatment planning protocols, NobelClinician
- 2.3 Implant prosthetics - removable
  - 2.1 Implant overdenture, overview
    
    0.1 Implant overdenture, introduction
    
    0.2 Overdenture retention devices, overview
  - 2.2 Secondary splinting
  - 2.3 Primary splinting
- 2.4 Implant prosthetics - fixed
  - 3.1 Fixed implant prosthesis, introduction
  - 3.2 Screw-retained restorations
    
    1.1 Screw-retained
    
    1.2 Implant-supported vs abutment-supported
  - 3.3 Cement-retained restorations
    
    2.1 Cement-retained
    
    2.2 Abutment materials
  - 3.4 Framework materials
    
    3.1 Framework materials
    
    3.2 Veneering with ceramic
    
    3.3 Veneering with Acrylic
- 2.5 Comprehensive treatment concepts
3 Treatment Procedures
- 3.1 Surgical
  - 0.1 Surgical considerations
    
    0.1 Anesthesia
    
    0.2 Peri-operative care
    
    0.3 Post-operative care
    
    0.4 Flap-or flapless
    
    0.5 Wound closure
    
    0.6 Intra-operative complications
    
    0.7 Guided vs non-guided
    
    0.8 Semi-guided surgery with prosthetic template
    
    0.9 Guided surgery with drill guides
  - 0.2 Surgical protocols - general
    
    1.1 Crestal incision
    
    1.2 Choice of implant
    
    1.3 Parallel implant placement
    
    1.4 Tapered implant placement
    
    1.5 Insertion torque
    
    1.6 Insertion height
    
    1.7 Implant angulation
  - 0.3 Surgical protocols - mandible
    
    2.1 Implant placement with open flap procedure - mandible
    
    2.2 Grafting, mandible
  - 0.4 Surgical protocols - maxilla
    
    3.1 Implant placement - maxilla
    
    3.2 Grafting, maxilla
    
    3.3 Sinus lifting
    
    3.4 Zygomatic implants
    
    3.5 Pterygoid implants
    
    3.6 Problems and complications in maxillary implant surgery
- 3.2 Removable prosthetics
  - 1.1 Complete dentures
    
    0.1 Complete denture clinical protocol
    
    0.2 Complete denture impressions
    
    0.3 Complete denture - maxillo-mandibular relations
    
    0.4 Complete denture trial placement
    
    0.5 Complete denture placement
    
    0.6 Complete denture post-placement
  - 1.2 Implant overdentures
    
    1.1 Overdenture clinical protocol
    
    1.2 Implant overdenture impressions
    
    1.3 Implant overdenture maxillo-mandibular relations
    
    1.4 Implant overdenture trial placement
    
    1.5 Implant overdenture placement
    
    1.6 Implant overdenture post-placement
- 3.3 Fixed prosthetics
  - 2.1 Fixed implant prosthesis clinical protocol
  - 2.2 Impressions
    
    1.1 Impressions - overview
    
    1.2 Splinted vs unsplinted impression copings
    
    1.3 Open versus closed tray
    
    1.4 Parallel vs non-parallel
  - 2.3 Maxillo-mandibular relations
  - 2.4 Trial placement
  - 2.5 Framework trial placement
  - 2.6 Placement
  - 2.7 Post-placement
4 Aftercare
- 4.1 Surgical aftercare
  - 0.1 Medication
  - 0.2 Post-operative soft tissue management
  - 0.3 Suture removal
  - 0.4 Post-surgical recommendations
- 4.2 Prosthetic aftercare
  - 1.1 Esthetic and function check
  - 1.2 Provisionals / temporary prosthesis
  - 1.3 Oral hygiene instructions
  - 1.4 Occlusal guard
- 4.3 Post-treatment complications and management
  - 2.1 Bleeding
  - 2.2 Soft tissue and hard tissue
  - 2.3 Patient compliance / recall
  - 2.4 Biologic complications
  - 2.5 Esthetic complications
- 4.4 Recall visits and logistics
  - 3.1 Recall visits - overview
  - 3.2 Patient expectations
  - 3.3 General health check
  - 3.4 Professional oral hygiene
  - 3.5 Implant overdenture maintenance
  - 3.6 Occlusion check
  - 3.7 Probing
  - 3.8 Inflammation, infection
    
    7.1 Inflammation and infection - overview
    
    7.2 Infection, microbiological diagnostics
  - 3.9 Radiological control

治疗指南

口腔卫生指导

Key points

口腔卫生指导是治疗后护理中最重要、但也是经常被忽视的步骤之一
设计合理的固定修复体对于方便患者操作从而确保口腔卫生至关重要
牙菌斑滞留易导致粘膜炎症和病变，以及令人不快的口腔异味

治疗方案设计与卫生注意事项

所有的组织表面、修复体表面和种植体表面均应是口腔卫生辅助用具（如牙刷、牙缝刷和牙线或洁牙带）能够触及的。在治疗方案设计过程中，在设计种植体位置和修复体时考虑到最终口腔卫生结果至关重要。为此，所有口腔内修复体表面均应光滑，具有极佳的光洁度，以预防牙菌斑滞留。

口腔卫生指导 - 患者

患者每次就诊时均应接受口腔卫生指导，且可能需要回顾相关指导。这对于固定修复体尤其重要。应继续进行口腔卫生指导，直到患者能够使用适当的口腔卫生辅助用具独立清洁所有相关口腔内部位。尽管大多数患者都可以使用普通牙刷和牙线实现良好的清洁效果，但也有各种专用牙刷可用来清洁种植体支撑的修复体周围区域。电动和手动牙刷的清洁效果似乎并无差异。

活动修复体

患者每晚都应摘除活动修复体，并将其存放在湿润的环境中或浸泡在水中或义齿清洁剂中。固定活动修复体的基台和修复上部结构应认真刷过，以确保无牙菌斑，并确保最佳的粘膜健康状况。粘膜组织发炎可能是由未充分去除牙菌斑引起的。

看护人员/依赖型患者

为使看护人员也熟悉建议的卫生措施，牙医/牙科保健师应考虑就（高龄）依赖型患者的治疗后护理对看护人员进行指导。

临床分类

术后护理修复体口腔卫生说明可拆卸义齿

Related articles

治疗指南

Edentulous

回访 - 概述

要达到良好的长期效果，必须安排定期回访控制预约。理想情况下，至少每 6 个月安排一次回访预约，对患者的总体健康、药物治疗和口腔状况进行系统的检查。根据患者的积极性和口腔卫生水平，临床医师可以考虑提高回访的频率。

是否达到了患者预期和提高了生活质量？

评估患者的总体健康、患者依从度和口腔卫生状况

由牙医、保健师或助理进行专业预防治疗。

检查修复体有无松动（脱胶、螺丝断裂或松

术后护理

治疗指南

Edentulous

患者依从性/回访

患者依从性是促进口腔修复取得长期成功的关键因素。临床医师/牙科医生应积极关注患者依从性问题。医生可能会将不依从指示的患者视为造成问题的根源。实际上，需要考虑四个关键问题。

首先，必须理解患者的文化和生活方式。努力改变与患者社会环境不一致的行为是不太可能成功的。考虑采用不同的行为技术来改变患者的态度并提高患者依从性则可起到一定作用。比较有效的做法是设定较小的目标，争取循序渐进而不是立即实现全面的改变。

其次，治疗团队的每个成

术后护理

治疗指南

Edentulous

种植体覆盖义齿维护

对配戴覆盖义齿的患者进行系统性定期回访有三方面的目的：

检查覆盖义齿，确定是否需要对义齿稍作调整，检查固定情况、稳定性，调整咬合情况并对所采用的附着体系统进行维护

监测种植体周围边缘骨和种植体周围软组织

控制和调整口腔卫生水平

发表的长期报告表明，经常需要激活和更换附着体阳型部件。此外，几年后较常发生的是更换义齿、垫底、重衬或再加工种植体覆盖义齿以及球形基台或连接杆卡 (patrices) 磨损和破裂。所使用的附着体系统类型也会影响所需的口腔修复维护活

术后护理

可拆卸义齿

问题

登陆或注册后发表评论

Create your free account

© 2024 FOR - Foundation for Oral Rehabilitation