0 Patient Assessment
- 0.1 Patient demand
- 0.2 Overarching considerations
- 0.3 Local history
- 0.4 Anatomical location
- 0.5 General patient history
- 0.6 Risk assessment & special high risk categories
  - 5.1 Risk assessment & special high risk categories
  - 5.2 age
  - 5.3 Compliance
  - 5.4 Smoking
  - 5.5 Drug abuse
  - 5.6 Recreational drugs and alcohol abuse
  - 5.7 Parafunctions
  - 5.8 Diabetes
  - 5.9 Osteoporosis
  - 5.10 Coagulation disorders and anticoagulant therapy
  - 5.11 Steroids
  - 5.12 Bisphosphonates
  - 5.13 BRONJ / ARONJ
  - 5.14 Radiotherapy
  - 5.15 Risk factors
1 Diagnostics
- 1.1 Clinical Assessment
  - 0.1 Lip line
  - 0.2 Mouth opening
  - 0.3 Vertical dimension
  - 0.4 Maxillo-mandibular relationship
  - 0.5 TMD
  - 0.6 Existing prosthesis
  - 0.7 Muco-gingival junction
  - 0.8 Hyposalivation and Xerostomia
- 1.2 Clinical findings
  - 1.1 Occlusion
  - 1.2 Alveolar atrophy and insufficiency
  - 1.3 Skeletal consequences of edentulism
  - 1.4 Head-neck cancer
- 1.3 Clinical diagnostic assessments
  - 2.1 Microbiology
  - 2.2 Salivary output
- 1.4 Diagnostic imaging
  - 3.1 Imaging overview
  - 3.2 Intraoral radiographs
  - 3.3 Panoramic
  - 3.4 CBCT
  - 3.5 CT
- 1.5 Diagnostic prosthodontic guides
  - 4.1 Prosthodontic guides overview
  - 4.2 Wax-up, arrangement, mock-up
  - 4.3 Splints and imaging for surgery
  - 4.4 Provisionals
2 Treatment Options
- 2.1 Mucosally-supported
  - 0.1 Mucosally supported - Overview and important considerations
  - 0.2 Complete denture
  - 0.3 Immediate denture
  - 0.4 Occlusal schemes
- 2.2 Implant-retained/supported, general
  - 1.1 Prosthodontic options overview
  - 1.2 Number of implants maxilla and mandible
  - 1.3 Time to function
  - 1.4 Submerged or non-submerged
  - 1.5 Soft tissue management
  - 1.6 Hard tissue management, mandible
  - 1.7 Hard tissue management, maxilla
  - 1.8 Need for grafting
  - 1.9 Healed vs fresh extraction socket
  - 1.10 Digital treatment planning protocols
    
    9.1 Digital treatment planning protocols, introduction
    
    9.2 Digital treatment planning protocols, NobelClinician
- 2.3 Implant prosthetics - removable
  - 2.1 Implant overdenture, overview
    
    0.1 Implant overdenture, introduction
    
    0.2 Overdenture retention devices, overview
  - 2.2 Secondary splinting
  - 2.3 Primary splinting
- 2.4 Implant prosthetics - fixed
  - 3.1 Fixed implant prosthesis, introduction
  - 3.2 Screw-retained restorations
    
    1.1 Screw-retained
    
    1.2 Implant-supported vs abutment-supported
  - 3.3 Cement-retained restorations
    
    2.1 Cement-retained
    
    2.2 Abutment materials
  - 3.4 Framework materials
    
    3.1 Framework materials
    
    3.2 Veneering with ceramic
    
    3.3 Veneering with Acrylic
- 2.5 Comprehensive treatment concepts
3 Treatment Procedures
- 3.1 Surgical
  - 0.1 Surgical considerations
    
    0.1 Anesthesia
    
    0.2 Peri-operative care
    
    0.3 Post-operative care
    
    0.4 Flap-or flapless
    
    0.5 Wound closure
    
    0.6 Intra-operative complications
    
    0.7 Guided vs non-guided
    
    0.8 Semi-guided surgery with prosthetic template
    
    0.9 Guided surgery with drill guides
  - 0.2 Surgical protocols - general
    
    1.1 Crestal incision
    
    1.2 Choice of implant
    
    1.3 Parallel implant placement
    
    1.4 Tapered implant placement
    
    1.5 Insertion torque
    
    1.6 Insertion height
    
    1.7 Implant angulation
  - 0.3 Surgical protocols - mandible
    
    2.1 Implant placement with open flap procedure - mandible
    
    2.2 Grafting, mandible
  - 0.4 Surgical protocols - maxilla
    
    3.1 Implant placement - maxilla
    
    3.2 Grafting, maxilla
    
    3.3 Sinus lifting
    
    3.4 Zygomatic implants
    
    3.5 Pterygoid implants
    
    3.6 Problems and complications in maxillary implant surgery
- 3.2 Removable prosthetics
  - 1.1 Complete dentures
    
    0.1 Complete denture clinical protocol
    
    0.2 Complete denture impressions
    
    0.3 Complete denture - maxillo-mandibular relations
    
    0.4 Complete denture trial placement
    
    0.5 Complete denture placement
    
    0.6 Complete denture post-placement
  - 1.2 Implant overdentures
    
    1.1 Overdenture clinical protocol
    
    1.2 Implant overdenture impressions
    
    1.3 Implant overdenture maxillo-mandibular relations
    
    1.4 Implant overdenture trial placement
    
    1.5 Implant overdenture placement
    
    1.6 Implant overdenture post-placement
- 3.3 Fixed prosthetics
  - 2.1 Fixed implant prosthesis clinical protocol
  - 2.2 Impressions
    
    1.1 Impressions - overview
    
    1.2 Splinted vs unsplinted impression copings
    
    1.3 Open versus closed tray
    
    1.4 Parallel vs non-parallel
  - 2.3 Maxillo-mandibular relations
  - 2.4 Trial placement
  - 2.5 Framework trial placement
  - 2.6 Placement
  - 2.7 Post-placement
4 Aftercare
- 4.1 Surgical aftercare
  - 0.1 Medication
  - 0.2 Post-operative soft tissue management
  - 0.3 Suture removal
  - 0.4 Post-surgical recommendations
- 4.2 Prosthetic aftercare
  - 1.1 Esthetic and function check
  - 1.2 Provisionals / temporary prosthesis
  - 1.3 Oral hygiene instructions
  - 1.4 Occlusal guard
- 4.3 Post-treatment complications and management
  - 2.1 Bleeding
  - 2.2 Soft tissue and hard tissue
  - 2.3 Patient compliance / recall
  - 2.4 Biologic complications
  - 2.5 Esthetic complications
- 4.4 Recall visits and logistics
  - 3.1 Recall visits - overview
  - 3.2 Patient expectations
  - 3.3 General health check
  - 3.4 Professional oral hygiene
  - 3.5 Implant overdenture maintenance
  - 3.6 Occlusion check
  - 3.7 Probing
  - 3.8 Inflammation, infection
    
    7.1 Inflammation and infection - overview
    
    7.2 Infection, microbiological diagnostics
  - 3.9 Radiological control

治疗指南

总体健康检查

Key points

在定期回访时，应更新患者总体健康相关信息，如头部和颈部区域感染或治疗
更新患者药物治疗状况
如有疑问，可询问患者的家庭医生或专科医生

回访 - 总体健康检查更新

随着时间的推移，患者的健康状况会有很大的变化，因此在每次回访时，应检查并获得患者的总体健康状况最新信息，并根据需要适当调整维护方案。在候诊室张贴有关此类主题的信息（如海报）是很有帮助的。不仅临床医师应询问患者，工作人员也应了解此类更新的重要性。

考虑问题时一定要考虑到以下方面：全身、心血管、血液、神经、胃肠、泌尿生殖和代谢性疾病、手术和医院就诊（例如放射治疗）、过敏症、感染、特异性感染（肝炎、HIV）、前往热带国家/地区旅行（某些疾病的潜伏期）。

专门重新评估头部和颈部区域：鼻或窦手术、主诉咽部异常等。

如遇到重大的新情况，应要求患者提供医疗报告。如有疑问，应随时联系提供治疗的专科医生或家庭医生。

药物治疗情况更新

应查看药物治疗情况，并查看是否发生任何变化。尤其应询问与血液/心脏（如抗凝血药）或骨（双磷酸盐药物）相关的所有药物治疗情况。高龄患者会将用药视为日常生活的一部分，如果用一般的方式询问，他们可能会忘记提及药物治疗情况。

临床分类

术后护理

治疗指南

Edentulous

患者病史

初步评估 — 患者问诊

临床医师应注意与患者的目光处于同一水平，这样做非常有效。例如，如果患者坐着，临床医师也应坐着。建议临床医师在问诊时不要让患者坐在牙科手术椅上，因为这种方式不易于建立自信。这样更有助于了解患者个性、期望和医疗状况的主要信息。了解患者主诉之后应符合治疗期望，这一点至关重要。在所有患者问诊过程中，应保护患者隐私。

整体健康评估

应对以下生物系统进行整体健康评估：

心血管
血液
神经
胃肠
泌尿生殖器
代谢疾病
手术和医院就诊历史
过敏、皮肤（特别是对牙齿修复材料的过敏）
感染、特定感染（肝炎、HIV）
头颈部症状，包括血管瘤、鼻部或鼻窦手术和喉部或口咽部并发症

...

全身因素

患者评估

立即观看

治疗指南

Edentulous

风险评估和特殊高风险类别 - 概述

四项主要信息源有助于临床医师识别相关风险并确定每种风险的严重性：
患者的医疗健康状况，如某种全身症状：年龄、糖尿病、心血管疾病等，包括服用的相关药物
患者的口腔健康状况和局部状况，如牙周炎或咬合不良
患者问诊
患者的行为状况，如吸烟、心理/精神状况或药物滥用
通过患者问诊和评估预测功能效果和美齿效果、患者期望、骨骼状况和骨维度、解剖学限制（另请参阅解剖位置一章）。

局部因素

全身因素

患者评估

立即观看

治疗指南

Edentulous

回访 - 概述

要达到良好的长期效果，必须安排定期回访控制预约。理想情况下，至少每 6 个月安排一次回访预约，对患者的总体健康、药物治疗和口腔状况进行系统的检查。根据患者的积极性和口腔卫生水平，临床医师可以考虑提高回访的频率。

是否达到了患者预期和提高了生活质量？

评估患者的总体健康、患者依从度和口腔卫生状况

由牙医、保健师或助理进行专业预防治疗。

检查修复体有无松动（脱胶、螺丝断裂或松

术后护理

立即观看

问题

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总体健康检查

Key points

临床分类

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风险评估和特殊高风险类别 - 概述

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回访 - 概述

Scientific References

问题